Corneal Abrasion in Children

Corneal abrasions are a common eye injury in children, often resulting from accidental trauma, rubbing the eyes, or foreign objects entering the eye. While usually not serious, a corneal abrasion can be painful and may lead to complications if not treated properly.  

 

Causes of Corneal Abrasion in Children

Corneal abrasions occur when the outer layer of the cornea (epithelium) is scratched or injured. Common causes include: 

• Foreign objects: Dust, sand, wood chips, or small particles can enter the eye and cause scratches. 

• Rubbing the eyes: Children often rub their eyes when irritated, sometimes leading to abrasions. 

• Finger or toy-related injuries: Accidental poking by fingers, toys, or other objects can damage the cornea. 

• Contact lenses: Improper use or prolonged wear of contact lenses can contribute to corneal abrasions in older children. 

• Dry eyes: A lack of tears can increase friction on the cornea, making it more prone to injury. 

 

Symptoms of Corneal Abrasion  

Children with a corneal abrasion may display the following signs: 

• Eye pain or discomfort 

• Tearing or excessive watering 

• Redness and irritation 

• Sensitivity to light (photophobia) 

• Blurry vision or difficulty keeping the eye open 

• Complaints of a foreign body sensation in the eye 

 

Diagnosis and Evaluation  

If a corneal abrasion is suspected, a healthcare provider will perform an eye examination using: 

• Fluorescein staining: A special dye is applied to the eye, highlighting the abrasion under blue light. 

• Slit-lamp examination: A magnified view of the eye helps detect the extent of the injury. 

• Visual acuity test: Assesses whether the abrasion is affecting vision. 

 

Treatment and Management  

Most corneal abrasions heal within a few days with proper care. Treatment options include: 

• Lubricating eye drops: Artificial tears can keep the eye moist and reduce irritation. 

• Antibiotic eye drops or ointment: Prevents infection while the cornea heals. 

• Pain management: Over-the-counter pain relievers or prescribed medications can help relieve discomfort. 

• Patching (in some cases): A protective patch may be recommended for larger abrasions, though this is less commonly used. 

• Avoiding contact lenses: If the child wears contact lenses, they should be avoided until complete healing. 

 

When to Seek Medical Attention  

Parents should seek medical attention if: 

• The child experiences severe pain or worsening symptoms. 

• There is persistent redness or discharge from the eye. 

• Vision is significantly affected. 

• The injury involves a sharp object or a chemical splash. 

 

Prevention Tips  

While corneal abrasions can be accidental, certain measures can help prevent them: 

• Encourage children to avoid rubbing their eyes excessively. 

• Use protective eyewear during sports and outdoor activities. 

• Keep small objects and sharp toys away from young children. 

• Teach proper contact lens hygiene for older children who wear them. 

 

Corneal abrasions in children are common but usually resolved with prompt care and proper treatment. Recognizing symptoms early and seeking medical evaluation when needed can prevent complications and ensure a smooth recovery. By following preventive measures, parents can help reduce the risk of eye injuries and protect their child’s vision. 

 

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